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Individual reclamation : ウィキペディア英語版 | Individual reclamation
Individual reclamation ((フランス語:reprise individuelle)) is a form of direct action, characterized by the individual theft of resources from the rich by the poor. Individual reclamation gained popular attention in the early 20th century as a result of the exploits of anarchists and outsiders such as Ravachol and Clément Duval who believed that such expropriations were ethical because of the exploitation of society by capitalists (see Anti-capitalism). Advocacy centered on France, Belgium, Great Britain and Switzerland. ==Conceptual origins== In 1840, Pierre Joseph Proudhon, a French anarchist, wrote ''What Is Property?'', a question to which he famously answered "property is theft". By this, Proudhon meant that legitimate private property could result only from an individual's labor and all other capital was, in effect, stolen.〔Parry, Richard. The Bonnot Gang. Rebel Press, 1987. p. 15〕 This economic world view converged in the minds of radicals with the Russian theorist Mikhail Bakunin's concept of propaganda of the deed, the use of physical violence against political enemies as a method of inspiring the masses. A marginal sector of European individualist anarchism derived the idea of individual reclamation as a means of breaking down what they perceived as the robbery of the laboring class by capitalists, politicians and the church. The individual's expropriation was regarded as legitimate resistance against an unfair social order, an ethical right to even the distribution of wealth.
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